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Dr. Salam smeisim *: the financial market and the Iraqi dinar and the economy
09/03/2015
When Abd al-Malik to Byzantine coins with the words triangulation which contradict the doctrine of Islam, collected and consulted by, someone said to him: "you are to know the opinion of ...
When Abd al-Malik to Byzantine coins with the words triangulation which contradict the doctrine of Islam, collected and consulted by, someone said to him:
"You have to know the opinion and advice but you ignored"
He said: what the???،
He said: Al-Baqir of the born of the Messenger of Allah (PBUH)
He said: ratified. a.. But I thought that waived it. ..
It was carrying Al-Baqir (a.s) from Medina, and when he came to Al-Baqir peace of God it was advised by instrument and JD DH Arabic characters
The currency of national sovereignty and economic and monetary expression of sovereignty and dimensions of each mouth of the empirical and conceptual.
Therefore, the first stage of any configuration of its Declaration of independence and being in a cash for that State, then it is a political decision to give the identity of that State:
•التعاملات financial and monetary
•تعميم this "national" instrument and commit the parties collaborating in the economy with it, depending on the strength and credibility of this instrument both of which depended on the political situation of that State and the durability of aksadha.
And here we know how serious criticism and sensitivity, as we know, in postulates that money:
Measure of value
Medium of Exchange
A way of saving
So the issuance of currency is a sovereign decision, first and last, and then the target currency is targeting for the sovereignty of the nation wekwamtha and being political, the credibility and values which affect the evaluation process all events and economy of joints of everyday life ranging from the simplest such details to the most complex and the most complex ones, particularly that concerning the relations of that State with the outside world.
From here, the damage left behind mechanisms for counterfeiting or forgery of currency including:
The effect on the reputation of the country, tourism and financial business both at home and abroad.
Shake mutual trust between merchants from dealers and investors and limit the trading process.
Loss of confidence in the economy among investors both in within that country or to establish businesses on their land and deprive the country of an important service projects were cut from the needs of the residents of the projects according to the parties, both the investor and the country which houses those funds,
. As well as the loss of prestige and value of currency purchasing
Here it is clear that counterfeiting is targeted to the national economy and national security directly hits the danger therefore is one of the most virulent economic sabotage crimes and punishment for the direct effect on economic variables.
In the view of some specialists that the forgery as political crimes, and decide to return to crime officer to differentiate among these crimes, and this officer is governed by two different jurisprudences that are:-
Personal: doctrine that takes into account the motivation to commit a crime, if the crime was a political politician, so if the offender emitter counterfeiting politically, considered a political crime, as happened in the second world war, when the German deployment in the country against them pounds and dollars of counterfeit in order to smash the economics and policies of these States.
And substantive doctrine: it takes the nature of the interest of the victim, the political crime undermine the political system of the State at home and abroad, is by nature a purely political crime, goes out of scope of the crimes of counterfeiting.
Crime of counterfeiting with some of the most important characteristics of crimes against the public trust as they fall on the editors and distinguished from other offences by the ways and means used by criminals to carry out their crimes.
The fraudsters and counterfeiters turn to state-of-the-art for tampering with the contents of those documents, changing reality and deal with it properly.
What is a counterfeit currency or money:-
Counterfeiting issue "from an illegal source," a replica of something here: money to cheat. The coinage and printing, it is the responsibility of national Governments. The agreements between the various States to punish counterfeiters of currency of each State. The Organization International Police (Interpol) much of the attention in investigating counterfeiters the world. And often that take the Governments of countries where counterfeiting actions necessary to eliminate. And the failure to take such action, it may destroy the potential for commercial success and each of the falsity or reduced cash circulation in the system, or bring money in circulation is counterfeit or fake or issued or dabble in dealing with or promoted by any means or in any way, or made or acquired or possessed without justification all or some of the counterfeit articles or machines or methods or tools in bad faith.
What counterfeiting:.
Counterfeiting of money, counterfeiting of securities, is a crime of perversion and corruption on Earth ... Crime has negative effects on individuals and communities, and the negative effects of such crime among economic, social and political; it destroy the economy and instil hatred and antagonism between people and encourage crime... And here was introduced by these criminals is essential.
And speaking of counterfeiting and its effects, it is necessary to recognize the fact and money, money and the kinds ... Then look at the concept of counterfeiting and the nature of the interests that the criminalization of counterfeiting of ...
We must talk about counterfeiting of paper money, securities (shares, bonds, cheques) and photos, and ways to learn the fake is fake, and comes to talk about the implications of this forgery, reveals his caches, and means of prevention, punishment, and promotion, to attract interest.
Interest of the people and ward off their evil for Sharia and legitimacy in the fight against counterfeiting and his family, the tradition of coin is his industry is an example of the correct currency, counterfeit currency is artificially created a tradition to work properly, any similar in shape, weight and size, such as a piece of metal with patterns and phrases the same fees and that the correct official coins in circulation, or printed on paper similar to the Fiat currency right, whether using traditional or modern techniques, regardless of whether the counterfeit currency parity or not Quite similar to correct currency in terms of the type of metal or paper or in terms of weight or volume or value. The objective element in the crime of tradition criticism is incorrect criticism industry is an example of the correct monetary, it makes no difference whether artful or few mastering tradition or rudimentary, the lesson is in the correct currency and similarity between cash snob, and that this similarity is sufficient for one of delusion.
Imitation is the rape of State authority in the issuance of coins and an assault on the financial interest, the crime of counterfeiting even if currency replicas contain the same amount of metal which contain the correct currency, regardless of the method of tradition.
Must be a tradition to work legally or conventionally traded in the State or in another State, and that is a tradition to promote counterfeit currency, or that the actor has participated in issuing counterfeit currency or promoted or entered the country or foreign lands and is aware of it, and this crime is a separate offence, whether to promote or not, it is important to the general criminal intent of the perpetrator and his will in the tradition of the currency, and the intention of the criminal in this currency, the promotion of science that forged currency Element of crime imitating the currency and corner elements, it must be proved, it is not enough to say that the accused was aware of the tradition without any proof or evidence of this.
It goes without saying that the speed of financial transactions and financial flow channels helps a lot the counterfeit currency as the electrode like wildfire and is aaetianha on all assets of the economy.
Here we pause when another threat affects the national economy and is aware of most of the seriousness of counterfeiting and proliferation of counterfeit currency, the risk can be derived by hostile parties but by waving and here I mean spreading rumors about targeting the economy.
When we talk about the financial market, we must not lose sight of the role of money in the stock and stock swap and savings interest rates and investment....., and therefore most important that strike the economy of investment activities here we go back to the 1990s, to review some of the features of the financial situation in Iraq,
The financial market as a supplementary step for pluralistic economic approach that seemed shy in the 1990s, and in the formal approach to the economy at the beginning of the new century following a social market economy, any restructuring of the economy according to free-market economy on the one hand, and to address the possible consequences of this go to different groups of people, especially the poor and middle classes, on the other. Notwithstanding the enthusiasm of architects and their speed in the first application of this approach, and their prevarication (probably not theirs) in the implementation of the social aspect of it, the recovery of the financial market an inevitable so long as legislation enacted during the past years encouraged national and foreign capital to establish joint-stock companies, and small businesses and prompted the transformation into joint stock companies, which must then adopt the financial market as a place to sell and Exchange shares of those companies rather than traded, with shares of global exchanges in secret in some rooms Brokers
Activating the stock market causes and mechanism:
Why activate the stock market???
1. to encourage holders of savings to invest in legitimate channels instead of hoarding funds provides corporate secure funding to expand their participation in the economic process, and ensures that the shareholders return is acceptable, and the big winner here is the whole economy
.
2. There are thousands of shareholders in stock companies who were not able to act during the past period as a result of the lack of transparent financial market and related to the evolution of the prevailing value system in the Iraqi economy, the stock market is supposed to provide them with a fair and transparent to the market value of the share will be determined by supply and demand
.
3. provide funding for joint stock companies and incentivizing them to diversify their investments in different branches of production, eventually leading to support economic growth and job creation
.
4. promotion of small and medium-sized enterprises on the farm, and the establishment of joint stock companies to tap the stock market listing preferences.
5. ask the Government Treasury issued and ensure the sale and circulation of these bonds in the market project, in addition to the conversion of some economic public enterprises into joint stock companies in partnership with the private sector, put its shares on the stock market, rather than selling assets to cover losses
.
6. promote Arabic and foreign capital to invest in the country, especially after the global recession caused by the global economic crisis, adding to the psychological impact the opening of stock market investors
The financial market is a necessary condition to complete the conditions of the market economy, and the stock market as a tool for development, and will play an important role in achieving social and economic plans for the country
The financial market is a necessary condition to complete the conditions of the market economy, and the stock market as a tool for development, and will play an important role in achieving social and economic plans for the country
The stock market ", according to the laws of market economy" requires a set of procedures to do its part, and these actions:
1. move the interest rates banks according to the size of the stocks and other securities on the market,
2. freedom of foreign exchange input and output,
3 and floating exchange rate of the national currency,
Parish and appropriate the funds in foreign investment in this market
The orbiter to rally Iraqi financial system in decades of activity until its collapse, characterized as unstable stage, absent from work strategies and lack of policies and the most important player of the State banks, the Rafidain Bank, for example, the first Arab Bank opens a branch in Europe was in 1954 in London, the largest Arab Bank in terms of external transactions, these features of Mesopotamia being the only commercial bank in Iraq, even after the establishment of the good Bank, "so what happened was Are the banks and yo'olan of the Government "on Monday, and it appears that the relationship between the society and the Government in Iraq is a special kind of relationship, since the founding of the Iraqi Government in 1921 had a role different from the rest of the roles of the Governments of other States, and this has justified the Iraq State oil and is the oldest in the area since the 1920s, and I think that the root of the issue is not economic or oil, but the Government's dominance and monopoly The authority more seriously here is economic power as result of applications: authorities .... Benefits....... Power in all its forms.
Money means money, corruption and mismanagement are now a significant amount of counterfeit currencies spread rumors of ... It bears the Iraq economy blows aimed at the MDC ' s victory to hamper investment activity and in Iraq will stand in front of the sakta authorities?!?!?!?!
I hope that each party is aware of the seriousness of the Act and its dimensions and even out of ...
O Allah, I testify that I was
(*) Expert and researcher at an economic
The views contained in any material published on the Web site of Iraqi economists does not represent necessarily the view site editors, but for its author and the scientific and legal responsibility for the unit
[You must be registered and logged in to see this link.]
09/03/2015
When Abd al-Malik to Byzantine coins with the words triangulation which contradict the doctrine of Islam, collected and consulted by, someone said to him: "you are to know the opinion of ...
When Abd al-Malik to Byzantine coins with the words triangulation which contradict the doctrine of Islam, collected and consulted by, someone said to him:
"You have to know the opinion and advice but you ignored"
He said: what the???،
He said: Al-Baqir of the born of the Messenger of Allah (PBUH)
He said: ratified. a.. But I thought that waived it. ..
It was carrying Al-Baqir (a.s) from Medina, and when he came to Al-Baqir peace of God it was advised by instrument and JD DH Arabic characters
The currency of national sovereignty and economic and monetary expression of sovereignty and dimensions of each mouth of the empirical and conceptual.
Therefore, the first stage of any configuration of its Declaration of independence and being in a cash for that State, then it is a political decision to give the identity of that State:
•التعاملات financial and monetary
•تعميم this "national" instrument and commit the parties collaborating in the economy with it, depending on the strength and credibility of this instrument both of which depended on the political situation of that State and the durability of aksadha.
And here we know how serious criticism and sensitivity, as we know, in postulates that money:
Measure of value
Medium of Exchange
A way of saving
So the issuance of currency is a sovereign decision, first and last, and then the target currency is targeting for the sovereignty of the nation wekwamtha and being political, the credibility and values which affect the evaluation process all events and economy of joints of everyday life ranging from the simplest such details to the most complex and the most complex ones, particularly that concerning the relations of that State with the outside world.
From here, the damage left behind mechanisms for counterfeiting or forgery of currency including:
The effect on the reputation of the country, tourism and financial business both at home and abroad.
Shake mutual trust between merchants from dealers and investors and limit the trading process.
Loss of confidence in the economy among investors both in within that country or to establish businesses on their land and deprive the country of an important service projects were cut from the needs of the residents of the projects according to the parties, both the investor and the country which houses those funds,
. As well as the loss of prestige and value of currency purchasing
Here it is clear that counterfeiting is targeted to the national economy and national security directly hits the danger therefore is one of the most virulent economic sabotage crimes and punishment for the direct effect on economic variables.
In the view of some specialists that the forgery as political crimes, and decide to return to crime officer to differentiate among these crimes, and this officer is governed by two different jurisprudences that are:-
Personal: doctrine that takes into account the motivation to commit a crime, if the crime was a political politician, so if the offender emitter counterfeiting politically, considered a political crime, as happened in the second world war, when the German deployment in the country against them pounds and dollars of counterfeit in order to smash the economics and policies of these States.
And substantive doctrine: it takes the nature of the interest of the victim, the political crime undermine the political system of the State at home and abroad, is by nature a purely political crime, goes out of scope of the crimes of counterfeiting.
Crime of counterfeiting with some of the most important characteristics of crimes against the public trust as they fall on the editors and distinguished from other offences by the ways and means used by criminals to carry out their crimes.
The fraudsters and counterfeiters turn to state-of-the-art for tampering with the contents of those documents, changing reality and deal with it properly.
What is a counterfeit currency or money:-
Counterfeiting issue "from an illegal source," a replica of something here: money to cheat. The coinage and printing, it is the responsibility of national Governments. The agreements between the various States to punish counterfeiters of currency of each State. The Organization International Police (Interpol) much of the attention in investigating counterfeiters the world. And often that take the Governments of countries where counterfeiting actions necessary to eliminate. And the failure to take such action, it may destroy the potential for commercial success and each of the falsity or reduced cash circulation in the system, or bring money in circulation is counterfeit or fake or issued or dabble in dealing with or promoted by any means or in any way, or made or acquired or possessed without justification all or some of the counterfeit articles or machines or methods or tools in bad faith.
What counterfeiting:.
Counterfeiting of money, counterfeiting of securities, is a crime of perversion and corruption on Earth ... Crime has negative effects on individuals and communities, and the negative effects of such crime among economic, social and political; it destroy the economy and instil hatred and antagonism between people and encourage crime... And here was introduced by these criminals is essential.
And speaking of counterfeiting and its effects, it is necessary to recognize the fact and money, money and the kinds ... Then look at the concept of counterfeiting and the nature of the interests that the criminalization of counterfeiting of ...
We must talk about counterfeiting of paper money, securities (shares, bonds, cheques) and photos, and ways to learn the fake is fake, and comes to talk about the implications of this forgery, reveals his caches, and means of prevention, punishment, and promotion, to attract interest.
Interest of the people and ward off their evil for Sharia and legitimacy in the fight against counterfeiting and his family, the tradition of coin is his industry is an example of the correct currency, counterfeit currency is artificially created a tradition to work properly, any similar in shape, weight and size, such as a piece of metal with patterns and phrases the same fees and that the correct official coins in circulation, or printed on paper similar to the Fiat currency right, whether using traditional or modern techniques, regardless of whether the counterfeit currency parity or not Quite similar to correct currency in terms of the type of metal or paper or in terms of weight or volume or value. The objective element in the crime of tradition criticism is incorrect criticism industry is an example of the correct monetary, it makes no difference whether artful or few mastering tradition or rudimentary, the lesson is in the correct currency and similarity between cash snob, and that this similarity is sufficient for one of delusion.
Imitation is the rape of State authority in the issuance of coins and an assault on the financial interest, the crime of counterfeiting even if currency replicas contain the same amount of metal which contain the correct currency, regardless of the method of tradition.
Must be a tradition to work legally or conventionally traded in the State or in another State, and that is a tradition to promote counterfeit currency, or that the actor has participated in issuing counterfeit currency or promoted or entered the country or foreign lands and is aware of it, and this crime is a separate offence, whether to promote or not, it is important to the general criminal intent of the perpetrator and his will in the tradition of the currency, and the intention of the criminal in this currency, the promotion of science that forged currency Element of crime imitating the currency and corner elements, it must be proved, it is not enough to say that the accused was aware of the tradition without any proof or evidence of this.
It goes without saying that the speed of financial transactions and financial flow channels helps a lot the counterfeit currency as the electrode like wildfire and is aaetianha on all assets of the economy.
Here we pause when another threat affects the national economy and is aware of most of the seriousness of counterfeiting and proliferation of counterfeit currency, the risk can be derived by hostile parties but by waving and here I mean spreading rumors about targeting the economy.
When we talk about the financial market, we must not lose sight of the role of money in the stock and stock swap and savings interest rates and investment....., and therefore most important that strike the economy of investment activities here we go back to the 1990s, to review some of the features of the financial situation in Iraq,
The financial market as a supplementary step for pluralistic economic approach that seemed shy in the 1990s, and in the formal approach to the economy at the beginning of the new century following a social market economy, any restructuring of the economy according to free-market economy on the one hand, and to address the possible consequences of this go to different groups of people, especially the poor and middle classes, on the other. Notwithstanding the enthusiasm of architects and their speed in the first application of this approach, and their prevarication (probably not theirs) in the implementation of the social aspect of it, the recovery of the financial market an inevitable so long as legislation enacted during the past years encouraged national and foreign capital to establish joint-stock companies, and small businesses and prompted the transformation into joint stock companies, which must then adopt the financial market as a place to sell and Exchange shares of those companies rather than traded, with shares of global exchanges in secret in some rooms Brokers
Activating the stock market causes and mechanism:
Why activate the stock market???
1. to encourage holders of savings to invest in legitimate channels instead of hoarding funds provides corporate secure funding to expand their participation in the economic process, and ensures that the shareholders return is acceptable, and the big winner here is the whole economy
.
2. There are thousands of shareholders in stock companies who were not able to act during the past period as a result of the lack of transparent financial market and related to the evolution of the prevailing value system in the Iraqi economy, the stock market is supposed to provide them with a fair and transparent to the market value of the share will be determined by supply and demand
.
3. provide funding for joint stock companies and incentivizing them to diversify their investments in different branches of production, eventually leading to support economic growth and job creation
.
4. promotion of small and medium-sized enterprises on the farm, and the establishment of joint stock companies to tap the stock market listing preferences.
5. ask the Government Treasury issued and ensure the sale and circulation of these bonds in the market project, in addition to the conversion of some economic public enterprises into joint stock companies in partnership with the private sector, put its shares on the stock market, rather than selling assets to cover losses
.
6. promote Arabic and foreign capital to invest in the country, especially after the global recession caused by the global economic crisis, adding to the psychological impact the opening of stock market investors
The financial market is a necessary condition to complete the conditions of the market economy, and the stock market as a tool for development, and will play an important role in achieving social and economic plans for the country
The financial market is a necessary condition to complete the conditions of the market economy, and the stock market as a tool for development, and will play an important role in achieving social and economic plans for the country
The stock market ", according to the laws of market economy" requires a set of procedures to do its part, and these actions:
1. move the interest rates banks according to the size of the stocks and other securities on the market,
2. freedom of foreign exchange input and output,
3 and floating exchange rate of the national currency,
Parish and appropriate the funds in foreign investment in this market
The orbiter to rally Iraqi financial system in decades of activity until its collapse, characterized as unstable stage, absent from work strategies and lack of policies and the most important player of the State banks, the Rafidain Bank, for example, the first Arab Bank opens a branch in Europe was in 1954 in London, the largest Arab Bank in terms of external transactions, these features of Mesopotamia being the only commercial bank in Iraq, even after the establishment of the good Bank, "so what happened was Are the banks and yo'olan of the Government "on Monday, and it appears that the relationship between the society and the Government in Iraq is a special kind of relationship, since the founding of the Iraqi Government in 1921 had a role different from the rest of the roles of the Governments of other States, and this has justified the Iraq State oil and is the oldest in the area since the 1920s, and I think that the root of the issue is not economic or oil, but the Government's dominance and monopoly The authority more seriously here is economic power as result of applications: authorities .... Benefits....... Power in all its forms.
Money means money, corruption and mismanagement are now a significant amount of counterfeit currencies spread rumors of ... It bears the Iraq economy blows aimed at the MDC ' s victory to hamper investment activity and in Iraq will stand in front of the sakta authorities?!?!?!?!
I hope that each party is aware of the seriousness of the Act and its dimensions and even out of ...
O Allah, I testify that I was
(*) Expert and researcher at an economic
The views contained in any material published on the Web site of Iraqi economists does not represent necessarily the view site editors, but for its author and the scientific and legal responsibility for the unit
[You must be registered and logged in to see this link.]
