Zebari: Iraq returned to exercise its role after years of siege and isolation.
BAGHDAD / obelisk: The UN Security Council voted unanimously Thursday evening, the exit of Iraq from Chapter VII.
The Council decided to end the measures provided for in some paragraphs of the UN resolutions 686 and 687 adopted by the Council in 1991 after Iraq's invasion of Kuwait.
The resolution called upon the Government of Iraq to fulfill its obligations to facilitate the return of all Kuwaiti and third-country nationals to their home countries.
The Council called on the Iraqi government to continue to cooperate with the International Committee of the Red Cross to provide any information about the missing, and the search for the remains of those who have died. He stressed the need to "continue efforts to search for missing Kuwaiti property, including the National Archives, through its inter-ministerial."
The Iraqi government announced that "Iraq would emerge from Chapter VII of the Charter of the United Nations represents the last external obstacle in front of him to regain full sovereignty remains to deal with internal challenges."
Economic sanctions were used throughout history in order to achieve different goals, some of the "implicit" in order to overthrow a particular political system in order to achieve "democracy", a custom that has become more widely used these days.
And except for international sanctions issued by the United Nations, there are unilateral sanctions issued by the major powers or influence in order to rein in certain countries and reduce their impact on the regional situation.
Iraq .. Severe economic sanctions
Since the nineties groaning Iraq under the weight of sanctions, since the international embargo that resulted from the United Nations Resolution 661, which was issued on August 6, 1990 due to the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait, and provided for the adoption of economic sanctions stranglehold on Iraq to force his time on the immediate withdrawal from Kuwait. This decision was followed by almost ten successive resolutions, warning him of the consequences of his stay in Kuwait and the defiance of the international community.
And suffered Iraqis two of these sanctions, which deprived them of food and medicine, as well as all means of progress and technology that reached the world in the era of the nineties of the last century, which led to the deaths of a million and a half million children as a result of hunger and lack of medicine acute and their lack of the most basic means of life.
This siege lasted nearly 13 years where practically ended with the fall of the Baath regime in 2003, Iraq had suffered from severe isolation from most countries in the world politically, diplomatically and economically, but Iraq remained suffers from the effects of hindsight under Chapter VII of the Charter internationalist. And compared to the suffering of the Iraqi sanctions made Saddam Hussein, one of the richest ten richest in the world.
Iran .. Enrichment
In Iran, led sanctions to destroy almost entirely to the private sector, where imposed America's recent sanctions such as the prohibition business dealings of financial institutions with Iran's central bank from the U.S. market, as well as trying to stop the oil revenues to freeze its nuclear ambitions and force it to negotiate with the West to implement UN Security Council resolutions calling for the Iran's abandonment of its nuclear enrichment program. There are hints that the sanctions aimed at getting rid of the Iranian regime and replace it with a pro-United States and the West.
North Korea .. Nuclear tests
And the first time the Security Council called on North Korea to curb its nuclear ambitions was in 1993, after more than a decade, in the year 2006 N. Council imposed its first set of sanctions was intended to force Pyongyang to halt its nuclear and missile tests.
Cuba .. long siege
America extended trade sanctions imposed on Cuba decades ago where the transfer of funds has been canceled and travel of Americans of Cuban descent to the island, what the impact on economic development, social and cultural rights of the Cuban people, especially the most vulnerable.
According to the media, the trade blockade imposed on the Cuban people over 50 years by successive U.S. governments have caused catastrophic damage.
Libya .. Comprehensive ban
This resulted in poor relations in the era of the seventies between Libya Gaddafi and the United States a series of sanctions imposed last for the duration of the eighties, in 1981, ruled the Ministry of Interior of America disqualification passport U.S. travel to Libya, and it came in 1982 to prevent the import of Libyan oil and the prohibition Export to Libya. And the expansion of the scope of sanctions in 1986 to include a comprehensive ban on the import, export and commercial contracts and all activities associated with travel to Libya. Just as Saddam Hussein's Iraq, sanctions Gaddafi made obscene chandelier.
Sudan .. List of "terrorism"
As for Sudan, America has annexed to the list of "terrorism", a few days after the bombing of the World Trade Center, which also coincided with an attempt to blow up the presidency of the United Nations Building, Washington is working on the signing of economic sanctions on Sudan.
China .. Trade sanctions
The United States sought and the West to launch sanctions on China in its war with political and business to force Beijing to open their markets to U.S. goods.
Washington used for this purpose, including trade sanctions to deprive China of preferential treatment programs such as the status of MFN and depriving them of import and export loans granted to bank friendly states of America.
Sanctions failed weapon
Evidence shows that the sanctions are on the whole failed weapon, and often pay the peoples of the price and not systems that increasingly stringent and rigid in their positions and policies.
But that those penalties paid mostly target systems to retrenchment, and build an economy in a state of siege, and the weakening of the middle classes in the cities, which form the fertile soil to oppose the dictatorship.
According to U.S. academic Robert Pape, only about five out of 115 cases of sanctions imposed since World War II proved reasonably effective. In contrast, most other sanctions did not do more than cause a major humanitarian costs paid population in the target countries, including innocent civilians do not have little effect on the behavior of their governments.
According to Trina Parsi, a specialist in the affairs of US-Iranian relations, that during the last fifty years has been the application of many of the economic sanctions and expanded its circle, where one country turned to democracy.
65 State of Siege
The recorded history of sanctions about 65 a state of siege imposed by the United States to other countries between 1940 to 1992, and about 25 state of siege again imposed by the United States in alliance with other countries, has also seen the past years and in particular since 1990 and by far the largest number of U.S. sanctions States, where the United States has imposed unilateral economic sanctions 115 times since the First World War and 104 times since World War II, including 61 times during President Bill Clinton, and until the end of the last century, there were nearly 100 countries subject to sanctions or living under the threat of force.
Types of sanctions
And imposed over the past decades various forms of sanctions against countries, groups and individuals including, economic blockade to freeze funds and assets of countries, companies, associations and individuals, and prohibit the movement of civil aviation, and to close the branches of institutions and companies accused in Western countries, and the confiscation of their money, and deprive states of the international aid development and punish countries and companies that do not adhere to the penalties
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